最近的估计表明，60,000或洛杉矶的400万居民无家可归，包括市区的大量集中区，当地消防部门（唯一EMS提供商）定期每天20次运行，以回应来自该地区的呼叫。为期12个月（2018年1月至12月）回顾性研究，调查人员评估电子健康记录 - 其中住房状况是由医院内应答者在所有事件上完成的报告的强制性领域 - 为911-EMS事件出席了911-EMS事件由洛杉矶消防部门。在研究期间记录的事件中，10.2％用​​于无家可归的个人，市中心面积31.4％为无家可归的患者，占无家可归的人的呼叫导致待遇和运输的呼叫是无家可归的人，尽管无家可归的人口占0.8％of the city’s residents during the study period. That translates to 1,135 911-EMC calls per 1,000 people without housing versus 81 per 1,000 for people with housing and 909 hospital transports per 1,000 people without housing versus 48 per 1,000 for those with housing. The session moderator noted that the situation is not unique to Los Angeles, with the presenting study author stating “The emergency departments [ED] are becoming overcrowded and overwhelmed, so if we can do things to divert certain populations away from the ED resources… do these people really need ED care or do they need something else?”